GLP-1 Drugs Show Promise for Treating PMOS

Charlotte Touzalin experienced a challenging adolescence with unexpected weight gain, irregular periods, and unwanted facial hair. These symptoms troubled her for years, reminiscent of her mother’s experiences. Her mom, Anne Schultz, had suffered similar issues without a clear diagnosis for decades.

Finally, both were diagnosed with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS). This hormonal disorder impacts 1 in 8 women globally. Differing from her mom’s years of uncertainty, Touzalin found renewed hope through a study. The study examined GLP-1 drugs as a potential treatment for PMOS.

Research suggests these obesity medications could benefit PMOS patients by improving not only weight control but also insulin resistance, hormone regulation, and ovulation. Previously termed polycystic ovary syndrome, the condition’s name changed this year to emphasize broader hormonal aspects.

“We need to do a better job taking care of it,” said Dr. Melanie Cree, who led studies on GLP-1 drugs for PMOS.

Touzalin and Schultz’s difficult journey to diagnosis is not uncommon. PMOS diagnosis is often delayed because symptoms overlap with other conditions and are sometimes overlooked. The disorder often runs in families, with no singular cause or treatment. Managing symptoms is typically the main approach.

Two main hormones linked to PMOS are insulin and testosterone. For many women, including Touzalin, high insulin levels lead to increased testosterone production, causing issues like missed periods and severe acne. Schultz faced similar struggles, undergoing many misdiagnoses before she and her daughter received clarity.

Schultz recalls advocating for her daughter, recognizing that something beyond binge eating and ADHD was affecting Touzalin. A nurse practitioner eventually connected the pieces. When diagnosed by Dr. Cree, Touzalin was relieved to finally have an explanation and path forward.

In Dr. Cree’s study, Touzalin administered weekly semaglutide shots over ten months. This led to healthier weight management, reduced abnormal hair growth, and normalizing of her menstrual cycles.

“I became a happier version of myself,” Touzalin shared.

While the effectiveness of GLP-1 drugs for PMOS remains under study, initial results are promising. Published data indicated significant weight loss and hormone regulation among participants. Despite these positive outcomes, insurance coverage remains a challenge as GLP-1 drugs are not approved for PMOS specifically.

Dr. Rana Malek, an endocrinologist, acknowledges that insurance barriers limit access for many patients despite the potential benefits. These drugs can aid PMOS patients significantly, but coverage issues present obstacles.

Touzalin, now facing these insurance hurdles after her trial ended, no longer receives free GLP-1 medications. Her mother, Schultz, is determined to secure the drugs for her daughter, navigating insurance appeals and exploring alternative support programs.

Touzalin looks forward to a future where PMOS patients can easily access the treatments they need. “It’s something that could help a lot of other people,” she remarked.

AP video journalist Brittany Peterson from Denver contributed to this story. Support for this report comes from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The Associated Press maintains responsibility for the content.