How to Stay Cool and Safe in a Heat Wave

Extreme heat is becoming increasingly common globally, with longer and more frequent heat waves. Rising temperatures can pose risks for heat-related illnesses like heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Here’s guidance from experts on coping with extreme heat, even without air conditioning.

Keeping Cool Without Air Conditioning

Staying cool and hydrating are crucial during extreme heat. If you lack air conditioning or it’s not enough, consider these tips to cool your body and home:

• Spritz your skin with cool or room-temperature water.
• Block windows that get afternoon sun with a blanket or dark sheet during the day.
• Open windows at night and run fans for air circulation.
• Wipe your forehead with a cool cloth.
• Avoid strenuous outdoor exercise.
• Add ice cubes to your water bottle, especially when outdoors.
• Limit use of stove or oven.

Identifying Heat Exhaustion

Be aware of symptoms of heat exhaustion, including:

• Heavy sweating
• Cold, pale, clammy skin
• Fast, weak pulse
• Nausea or vomiting
• Muscle cramps
• Fatigue
• Dizziness or headaches
• Fainting

If symptoms arise, sip water, move to a cooler location, loosen clothes, or take a cool bath. Seek medical help immediately if vomiting occurs or symptoms persist.

Recognizing Heat Stroke

Heat stroke symptoms include:

• High body temperature (103°F or higher)
• Hot, red, dry, or damp skin
• Fast, strong pulse
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Fainting

A person with heat illness may appear less coordinated or stumble. Engage them in conversation to check for confusion. If symptoms occur, call 911 immediately, move to shade or a cooler area, and use cool cloths or a bath to reduce body temperature.